OpenID relies on a number of technologies, including a discovery mechanism that allows websites to find the IDP associated with a particular OpenID, as well as security mechanisms to protect against phishing and other attacks. OpenID is built on top of several existing standards, including HTTP, HTML, and XML. The website can then use this OpenID to authenticate the user without needing to know their actual credentials.
Once the user is authenticated, the IDP will generate an OpenID and send it back to the website. The IDP will then prompt the user to authenticate themselves (e.g., by entering a username and password). When a user visits a website that supports OpenID authentication, the website will redirect the user to their chosen IDP. This identifier can then be used to authenticate the user with any website that supports OpenID. OpenID is based on a simple idea: a user authenticates with an identity provider (IDP), who then provides the user with a unique identifier (called an OpenID). OpenID is a decentralized authentication protocol that allows users to authenticate with multiple websites using a single set of credentials, eliminating the need for separate usernames and passwords for each website. Blogger also used OpenID, but since May 2018 no longer supports it. There are several smaller entities that accept sign-ups with no extra identity details required.įacebook did use OpenID in the past, but moved to Facebook Connect. Many if not all of the larger organizations require users to provide authentication in the form of an existing email account or mobile phone number in order to sign up for an account (which then can be used as an OpenID identity). Adoption Īs of March 2016, there are over 1 billion OpenID-enabled accounts on the Internet (see below) and approximately 1,100,934 sites have integrated OpenID consumer support: AOL, Flickr, Google,, Canonical (provider name Ubuntu One), LiveJournal, Microsoft (provider name Microsoft account), Mixi, Myspace, Novell, OpenStreetMap, Orange, Sears, Sun, Telecom Italia, Universal Music Group, VeriSign, WordPress, Yahoo!, the BBC, IBM, PayPal, and Steam, although some of those organizations also have their own authentication management. The term OpenID may also refer to an identifier as specified in the OpenID standard these identifiers take the form of a unique Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), and are managed by some "OpenID provider" that handles authentication. The final version of OpenID is OpenID 2.0, finalized and published in December 2007. Moreover, neither services nor the OpenID standard may mandate a specific means by which to authenticate users, allowing for approaches ranging from the common (such as passwords) to the novel (such as smart cards or biometrics). The OpenID protocol does not rely on a central authority to authenticate a user's identity. An extension to the standard (the OpenID Attribute Exchange) facilitates the transfer of user attributes, such as name and gender, from the OpenID identity provider to the relying party (each relying party may request a different set of attributes, depending on its requirements).
The OpenID standard provides a framework for the communication that must take place between the identity provider and the OpenID acceptor (the " relying party"). Several large organizations either issue or accept OpenIDs on their websites. Users create accounts by selecting an OpenID identity provider, and then use those accounts to sign on to any website that accepts OpenID authentication.
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It allows users to be authenticated by co-operating sites (known as relying parties, or RP) using a third-party identity provider (IDP) service, eliminating the need for webmasters to provide their own ad hoc login systems, and allowing users to log in to multiple unrelated websites without having to have a separate identity and password for each. OpenID is an open standard and decentralized authentication protocol promoted by the non-profit OpenID Foundation.
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